Tænketanke mv.

Denne side er primært en linksamling vedr. hjemmesidens emne-områder. Siden opdateres  jævnligt og nyeste links vil stå først. Du kan downloade artikler fra de listede sites, som alle også har omfattende linksamlinger.

http://www.princeton.edu/~kahneman/index.html

Daniel Kahneman behøver ikke en præsentation, hvis man interesserer sig for psykologi. For dem der ikke kender ham, er linket herover den korte version. En anmeldelse af hans nye bog er her: http://www.psychologicalscience.org/index.php/publications/observer/obsonline/thinking-fast-and-slow.html.

Et langt mere interessant link til og om hans nye bog er knap halvanden times video på YouTube: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i_UVDD7ErJ4. 

http://www.howintelligencehappens.com/

Human intelligence is among the most powerful forces on earth. It builds sprawling cities, vast cornfields, coffee plantations, and complex microchips; it takes us from the atom to the limits of the universe. Understanding how brains build intelligence is among the most fascinating challenges of modern science. How does the biological brain, a collection of billions of cells, enable us to do things no other species can do?

Using results drawn from classical studies of intelligence testing; from attempts to build computers that think; from studies of how minds change after brain damage; from modern discoveries of brain imaging; and from groundbreaking recent research, Duncan synthesizes often difficult-to-understand information into a book that will delight scientific and popular readers alike. He explains how brains break down problems into useful, solvable parts and then assemble these parts into the complex mental programs of human thought and action.

John Duncan is assistant director of the MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit in Cambridge, honorary professor of cognitive neuroscience at the Universities of Cambridge and Bangor, visiting professor at the University of Oxford, and fellow of the Royal Society and the British Academy.

http://www.jaronlanier.com/index.html

http://www.stratfor.com/

http://www.newscientist.com/topic/brainorg

http://www.naomiklein.org

Naomi Klein er måske en af de vigtigste forfattere i det 21.århundrede. Hun tager pulsen på kapitalismen og gør op med den romantiske forestilling om demokratiet. Hendes ny bog er simpelthen et "must read". Følg også med på hendes hjemmeside.

http://homoartefakt.dk

Det Etiske Råds website HomoArtefakt.dk har til formål at igangsætte en samfundsdebat om nye teknologier, som måske kan nedbryde grænsen mellem menneske og maskine. Hvilke etiske perspektiver er der i, at robotdele kan kobles direkte til den menneskelige hjerne? Og hvad stiller man op, den dag robotter er blevet så intelligente, at de minder om mennesker? Websitet er velegnet til tværfaglig undervisning i gymnasier, på højskoler, på universiteter og alle steder, hvor man ønsker en kvalificeret debat om teknologiens udvikling i samfundet.

http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~russell/ai.html

AI on the Web: Denne side indeholder links til  868 sider (p.t. - juli 2007) rundt om på nettet som indeholder information om kunstig intelligens. Siden vedligeholdes af professor Stuart Russel og Peter Norvig.

http://www.ocw.mit.edu/index.html

MIT OCW is a large-scale, Web-based electronic publishing initiative funded jointly by the William and Flora Hewlett Foundation, the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation , MIT, and generous support of the Ab Initio software company.

MIT OCW would not be possible without the support and generosity of the MIT faculty who choose to share their research, pedagogy, and knowledge to benefit others. We expect MIT OCW to reach a steady - though never static - state by 2008. Between now and then, we will publish the materials from virtually all of MIT's undergraduate and graduate courses.

http://www.implicit.harvard.edu/

Hvis du har lyst eller hang til psykometriske test... Welcome to Project Implicit: Here you will have the opportunity to assess your conscious and unconscious preferences for over 90 different topics ranging from pets to political issues, ethnic groups to sports teams, and entertainers to styles of music. At the same time, you will be assisting psychological research on thoughts and feelings.

Sessions require 10-15 minutes to complete. Each time you begin a session you will be randomly assigned to a topic. Try one or do them all! At the end of the session, you will get some information about the study and a summary of your results. We hope that you will find the experience interesting and informative.

http://www.baade-og.dk

Hun skriver under navnet Jesper Knallhatt. I virkeligheden hedder hun Lene Andersen og har foreløbig udgivet to bøger af en planlagt serie på fem. Første bog: Baade-Og Mandag udkom den 17. juni 2005. Under overskrifterne: Hvad har vi gang i? Hvordan hænger det sammen? Hvem er vi? beskriver bogen den seneste teknologiske udvikling samt teorierne om de ”mekanismer”, ifølge hvilke verden udvikler sig; kaosteori, kompleksitetsteori og teorien om skalafri netværk. Desuden rummer bogen 15 hypoteser for samfundsudviklingen og den globale udvikling, og endelig slutter bogen af med en tour de force gennem de seneste 2.500 års idéhistorie.

Bog nummer to: Baade-Og Tirsdag udkom 19. september 2006. Under overskriften: Hvor kommer vi fra? skildrer bogen menneskets evolution siden de første celler i ursuppen. Fokus i beretningen om vores evolution er vores kognitive evner; bevidstheden, sproget, selvbevidstheden samt vores empatiske og sociale evner. Hvordan er vores hjerner udviklet til at virke, og hvorfor opfører vi os, som vi gør? Den sidste tredjedel af bogen handler om oldtidens Mellemøsten, hvor også vores egen kultur opstod, og handler blandt andet om, hvordan retssamfundet og mandschauvinismen blev opfundet...

http://www.benkler.org

I over 200 år har Adam Smith's "fri markedsøkonomi" dikteret industrialiseringen. I mere end 150 år har kommunikationsteknologierne fra telegraf, telefon til radio og fjernsyn tilladt nogle få globale mediekonglomerater at definere massemedierne. De sidste 10 år har internettet og de nye trådløse teknologier vist, at netværksøkonomien kan ændre dette radikalt. De næste 10 år vil vise om det sker. "The Wealth of Networks - How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom" (som et passende modstykke til Adam Smith's "The Wealth of Nations") skrevet af Yochai Benkler fra Yale University (2006) fortæller den interesserede hvordan.

Bogen "The Wealth of Networks" er på 515 sider og kan downloades gratis. Klik på billedet til venstre og du kommer til Benklers hjemmeside, hvor du kan downloade hele bogen som pdf.

http://www.sciencemag.org/sciext/125th/

Science magasinet fejrer 125 år (juli 2005) med en gratis samling af de mest interessante spørgsmål til videnskaben de næste 25 år – i alt 125 af dem – f.eks.: Hvad er Universet lavet af? Hvad er den biologiske basis for bevidsthed? Hvorfor har mennesket så få gener? I hvilken grad er genetisk variation og personlig sundhed forbundet? Hvor langt kan vi komme med kemisk selvorganisering? Hvad er grænsen for konventionelle computere? (Information: en cut/paste fylder 65 sider, hvis du er interesseret i at gemme det).

http://www.kurzweilai.net/

We are witnessing intersecting revolutions in a plethora of fields: biotechnology, nanotechnology, molecular electronics, computation, artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, virtual reality, human brain reverse engineering, brain augmentation, robotics, and many others. The leading visionaries represented on this site examine these transforming trends and their profound impact on economics, the arts, politics, government, warfare, medicine, health, education, disabilities, social mores, and sexuality. KurzweilAI.net features the big thoughts of today's big thinkers examining the confluence of accelerating revolutions that are shaping our future world, and the inside story on new technological and social realities from the pioneers actively working in these arenas.

http://www.foresight.org/

Foresight is the leading think tank and public interest institute on nanotechnology. Founded in 1986, Foresight was the first organization to educate society about the benefits and risks of nanotechnology. At that time, nanotechnology was a little-known concept. Today, with the basic framework of public understanding in place, we are refocusing our efforts on guiding nanotechnology research, public policy and education to address the critical challenges facing humanity. Foresight’s new mission is to ensure the beneficial implementation of nanotechnology. Foresight is accomplishing this by providing balanced, accurate and timely information to help society understand and utilize nanotechnology through public policy activities, publications, guidelines, networking events, tutorials, conferences, roadmaps and prizes. Se også: http://www.nano.ku.dk/ - http://e-drexler.com/ og http://www.nano.org.uk/index.html

http://www.generation5.org/articles.asp

Generation5 aims to be the most comprehensive Artificial Intelligence site on the Internet. Community-orientated, Generation5 deals with all AI topics including robotics, neural networks, genetic algorithms, AI programming, home automation and much more.

http://www.a-i.com

Ai Research is a leading artificial intelligence research project. At Ai, we're creating a new form of life. Our expanding web site is an essential part of the emerging global discussion about artificial intelligence. On this website, we showcase the state of the art in patterm-matching conversational machines, demonstrated by Alan, and in reinforcement learning algorithms, demonstrated by HAL. Use our forums, original papers, online labs, demos and links to explore what's happening both at Ai (the project) and in AI (the field).

http://demo.cs.brandeis.edu/index.html

Dynamical & Evolutionary Machine Organization - DEMO - attacks problems in agent cognition using complex machine organizations that are created from simple components with minimal human design effort. We study recurrent neural networks, evolutionary computation, and dynamical systems as substrates. We build working systems to test our theories.

http://www.edge.org/

The mandate of Edge Foundation is to promote inquiry into and discussion of intellectual, philosophical, artistic, and literary issues, as well as to work for the intellectual and social achievement of society. Edge Foundation, Inc., was established in 1988 as an outgrowth of a group known as The Reality Club. Its informal membership includes of some of the most interesting minds in the world. Prøv f.eks. at starte med denne artikel: http://www.edge.org/documents/archive/edge163.html

http://pespmc1.vub.ac.be/FUTDEVLI.html

The Principia Cybernetica Project is a world-wide organization collaboratively developing a computer-supported evolutionary-systemic philosophy, in the context of the transdisciplinary academic fields of Systems Science and Cybernetics. PCP publishes electronic texts and facilitates scholarly work via its World-Wide Web server Principia Cybernetica Web,

 http://dbs.cordis.lu/

The European Commission's information service on European Research and Innovation activities. Whether you are a newcomer or a regular visitor, CORDIS Guidance can help you to better understand the scope of the service and benefit from using it more thoroughly.

  http://www.acunu.org/millennium/

The purpose of the Millennium Project is to be an international utility to assist in organizing futures research by continuously updating and improving humanity's thinking about the future and making that thinking available for feedback as a geographically and institutionally dispersed think tank. 

http://www.nsf.gov/

The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency created by Congress in 1950 "to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense…" With an annual budget of about $5.5 billion, we are the funding source for approximately 20 percent of all federally supported basic research conducted by America's colleges and universities. In many fields such as mathematics, computer science and the social sciences, NSF is the major source of federal backing.

http://www.wtec.org/

http://www.wolframscience.com/nksonline/toc.html

Stephen Wolfram is the creator of Mathematica. He is widely regarded as one of the world's most original scientists, as well as an important innovator in computing and software technology. After more than ten years of highly concentrated work, Wolfram finally described his achievements in his 1200-page book A New Kind of Science. Released on May 14, 2002, the book was widely acclaimed and immediately became a bestseller. Its publication has been seen as initiating a paradigm shift of historic importance in science.

http://anthro.palomar.edu/vary/

An Introduction to Contemporary Human Biological Diversity. Created and maintained by Dr. Dennis O'Neil, Behavioral Sciences Department, Palomar College, San Marcos, California. 

http://www.med.harvard.edu/AANLIB/home.html

The Whole Brain Atlas is intended as an introduction to basic neuroanatomy, with emphasis on the pathoanatomy of several leading central nervous system diseases. We have chosen examples of certain brain disease, and present them with various combinations of image type and imaging frequency; however, we make no claim that the image type, frequency of its application, or any particular image interpretation is necessary or appropriate in any particular case or for any particular disease. Nothing on this site should be considered medical advice. If you need medical advice, see your doctor.

http://biology.plosjournals.org/

PLoS Biology features works of exceptional significance in all areas of biological science, from molecules to ecosystems, including works at the interface with other disciplines, such as chemistry, medicine, and mathematics. PLoS is a nonprofit organization of scientists and physicians committed to making the world's scientific and medical literature a public resource.

http://arxiv.org/

arXiv is an e-print service in the fields of physics, mathematics, non-linear science, computer science, and quantitative biology. arXiv is owned, operated and funded by Cornell University, a private not-for-profit educational institution. arXiv is also partially funded by the National Science Foundation.

http://www.androidworld.com/

This site is devoted to androids. An android is an anthropomorphic robot - i.e. a robot that looks like a human. Many android developers call their creations "humanoids" rather than androids. We also have robotics links, robot links, animatronics links, and research links.

http://www.generalsemantics.org/

You might be interested in General Semantics if you: value tolerance, open-mindedness, inquisitiveness, and individuality: can handle a certain degree of uncertainty; are concerned about the effects of bias, prejudice, and stereotyping; worry about the influences of advertising, propaganda and spin; want to apply your knowledge, experience, and learning abilities to better your understanding of the world; want to apply language to resolve conflicts, rather than create or perpetuate them.

http://imminst.org/forum/index.php?s=&act=ST&f=47&t=864

"ImmInst" is a contraction of two words, "Immortality" and "Institute". The mission of ImmInst is to conquer the blight of involuntary death. ImmInst shall function as an umbrella organization to help its members succeed in working towards the possibility of human physical immortality.

http://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/

The World Values Survey is a worldwide investigation of socio-cultural and political change. It is conducted by a network of social scientist at leading universities all around world. Interviews have been carried out with nationally representative samples of the publics of more than 80 societies on all six inhabited continents. A total of four waves have been carried out since 1981 making it possible to carry out reliable global cross-cultural analyses and analysis of changes over time. The World Values Survey has produced evidence of gradual but pervasive changes in what people want out of life. Moreover, the survey shows that the basic direction of these changes is, to some extent, predictable.  Se også http://wvs.isr.umich.edu/

http://www.singinst.org/

Sometime in the next few years or decades, humanity will become capable of surpassing the upper limit on intelligence that has held since the rise of the human species. We will become capable of technologically creating smarter-than-human intelligence, perhaps through enhancement of the human brain, direct links between computers and the brain, or Artificial Intelligence. This event is called the "Singularity" by analogy with the singularity at the center of a black hole - just as our current model of physics breaks down when it attempts to describe the center of a black hole, our model of the future breaks down once the future contains smarter-than-human minds. Since technology is the product of cognition, the Singularity is an effect that snowballs once it occurs - the first smart minds can create smarter minds, and smarter minds can produce still smarter minds.

http://www.digital-lifestyles.com/about/index.cfm

The Digital Lifestyles Resource Center is a dynamic work in progress that features timely news, relevant articles and industry perspectives related to the digital lifestyle. How will digital technology be integrated into the way we work, learn and play today and tomorrow?

http://www.carlzimmer.com/articles/2005/articles_2005_Avida.html

Zimmer writes about science for The New York Times, as well as for magazines including The New York Times Magazine, National Geographic, Science, Newsweek, Natural History, and Discover, where he is a contributing editor. His book reviews appear in The New York Times Book Review, The Washington Book World, Newsday, and Scientific American.

 http://www.ethologic.com/sasha/thinkers.html

Min personlige favorit ...fra dengang Internettet var noget nyt ;-)